Posted by Willful on December 22, 2013, at 10:41:56 [reposted on December 23, 2013, at 0:37:27 | original URL]
In reply to Women and academics » Willful, posted by jane d on December 21, 2013, at 16:12:53
Just to give two of the most outstanding examples--of people who are still alive, one of whom is presently on the Supreme Court--so we are not talking ancient history:
The future Supreme Court Justices Sandra Day O'Connor and Ruth Bader Ginsberg, although you might not have know it, were subject to a great bit of gender discrimination through out most of their careers:
"In 1946...[O'Connor]... completed a dual-degree, seven-year program in six years receiving a bachelors in economics in 1950 and a law degree in 1952. he graduated third in her class, but could not get a job as a lawyer because of her gender. She was offered a position as a legal secretary, which did not match her education, training, or ability. She did not accept this position....
...In 1950 Harvard Law School opened to women and fourteen joined the class of 520 men. They were invited to speak only on "Ladies Day," a single class that met once each month, they were allowed to eat in the graduate cafeteria, [ie not the Law School Cafeteria] and one ladies room was added in the basement of Austin Hall. Dorms opened to women eight years later.In 1954 Ruth Bader Ginsburg entered Harvard Law School as one of nine women in a class over 500. Of these women Dean Erwin Griswold asked what it felt like to occupy places that could have gone to deserving men. When her husband joined a law firm in New York, Ginsberg transferred to Columbia Law School where she graduated first in her 1959 class. No law firm offered her a job.
In 1960 Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter was asked to consider hiring Ginsburg as one of his law clerks. He refused to interview her acknowledging he was just not ready to hire a woman. Ginsburg taught at Rutgers and Columbia."
(Sources:
-Cynthia Fuchs Epstein Women in law, ;
-www.politico.com/news/stories/0909/27152.html;
-Jeffrey Toobin The Nine: Inside The Secret World of the Supreme Court,
-Robert Stevens Law school: legal education in America from the 1850s to the 1980s, ;
-Professor Cunnea,A Timeline of Women's Legal History).
But O'Connor and Ginsberg are only the most visible of a whole generation of women, most of whom were outright rejected as women, who were pioneers in opening up Law Schools to women in general. It was only later that appreciable numbers of women were accepted into American law schools.
Emsam.
Abilify
Provigil
Rilutek
poster:Willful
thread:1056840
URL: http://www.dr-bob.org/babble/social/20131211/msgs/1056844.html