Posted by Larry Hoover on August 4, 2003, at 7:47:20
In reply to Re: stimulants: tyrosine, phenylalanine, dexedrine, posted by andys on August 2, 2003, at 17:33:35
> Lar,
> To answer your questions:
> I take the acetylated tyrosine, because it’s supposed to be more bioavailable.Sorry, dude, but acetylated tyrosine is a non-starter. Acetylation does only one thing.....it enhances renal clearance of tyrosine. There is no evidence that any free tyrosine arises from the N-acetyl tyrosine.
In the following abstract, note that control subjects did not differ from the liver failure group on renal clearance of N-acetyl tyrosine, and neither group showed an increase in blood concentrations of tyrosine on the latter, either.
Hepatology. 1995 Apr;21(4):923-8.
Utilization of tyrosine-containing dipeptides and N-acetyl-tyrosine in hepatic failure.Druml W, Hubl W, Roth E, Lochs H.
Department of Medicine III, Vienna General Hospital, Austria.
The impact of hepatic dysfunction on the elimination and hydrolysis of three potential tyrosine sources for total parenteral nutrition, the dipeptides L-alanyl-L-tyrosine (Ala-Tyr) and glycyl-L-tyrosine (Gly-Tyr), and N-acetyl-L-tyrosine (Nac-Tyr) were evaluated in six patients with hepatic failure (five chronic, one acute) and seven healthy subjects. In controls, whole-body clearance (Cltot) of Ala-Tyr was higher than of Gly-Tyr (3,169 +/- 214 vs. 1,780 +/- 199 mL/kg/min, P < .01), and both exceeded clearance of Nac-Tyr (309 +/- 29 mL/kg/min, P > .01). Both dipeptides were hydrolyzed and released tyrosine immediately. In hepatic failure, elimination and hydrolysis of Ala-Tyr and Gly-Tyr were comparable to controls, but Cltot of Nac-Tyr was reduced (236 +/- 26 mL/kg/min). Neither in controls nor in patients an increase in plasma tyrosine concentration was seen after Nac-Tyr, and the major part of Nac-Tyr infused was lost in urine. The Cltot of tyrosine as evaluated after Ala-Tyr infusion (with the immediate release of tyrosine) was severely reduced in hepatic failure (152.7 +/- 38.4 vs. 484.4 +/- 41.4 mL/kg/min, P < .001) and half-life (kle) was retarded from 14.4 +/- 1.4 to 90.2 +/- 32.2 minutes (P < .03). The authors conclude that acute and chronic hepatic dysfunction does not affect elimination and hydrolysis of the dipeptides Ala-Tyr and Gly-Tyr and the constituent amino acids are released immediately. Nac-Tyr elimination was not grossly affected by hepatic failure, but neither in healthy subjects nor in hepatic failure patients was an increase of tyrosine seen. Both dipeptides but not Nac-Tyr may serve as a tyrosine source in parenteral nutrition. Moreover, by its rapid hydrolysis, the use of Ala-Tyr, for the first time, enables a simple rapid nonisotope evaluation of tyrosine kinetics for assessment of liver function.
poster:Larry Hoover
thread:246486
URL: http://www.dr-bob.org/babble/20030802/msgs/247970.html